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       <title>Linux rpm download | Linux iso download - FreeBSD 7.1</title>
       <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com</link>
       <description>FreeBSD 7.1</description>
       <language>en</language>
       <generator>www.dell-drivers.com</generator>
       <copyright>Copyright 2007 www.driveray.com, All Rights Reserved</copyright>
       <pubDate>2009-5-18 10:04:15</pubDate>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-livefs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-livefs.iso_87225.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:10:56</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-docs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-docs.iso_87224.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:10:11</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc3.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc3.iso_87223.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:08:42</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc2.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc2.iso_87222.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:07:35</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc1.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-disc1.iso_87221.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:06:39</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases ia64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-ia64-bootonly.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-ia64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-ia64-bootonly.iso_87220.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:05:58</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>&lt;H1 class=TITLE&gt;&lt;A id=AEN2 name=AEN2&gt;&lt;FONT size=6&gt;FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE Release Notes&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;
&lt;H3 class=CORPAUTHOR&gt;The FreeBSD Project&lt;/H3&gt;
&lt;P class=COPYRIGHT&gt;Copyright &amp;copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=PUBDATE&gt;$FreeBSD: release/7.1.0/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml 186643 2008-12-31 08:07:10Z hrs $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;DIV class=LEGALNOTICE&gt;&lt;A id=TRADEMARKS name=TRADEMARKS&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the ¡°&amp;#8482;¡± or the ¡°&amp;reg;¡± symbol.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV class=ABSTRACT&gt;&lt;A id=AEN26 name=AEN26&gt;&lt;/A&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The release notes for FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 7.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso_87219.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:04:02</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.gz </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.gz_87218.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:03:08</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-docs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-docs.iso_87217.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:02:23</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc3.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc3.iso_87216.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:01:01</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc2.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc2.iso_87215.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 14:00:23</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD7.1releasesamd64ISO-IMAGES7.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso_87214.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:59:20</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases amd64 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-amd64-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso_87213.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:58:07</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-livefs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-livefs.iso_87212.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:57:13</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
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           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.gz </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.gz_87211.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:56:35</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-docs.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-docs.iso_87210.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:56:01</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc3.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc3.iso_87209.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:55:25</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc2.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc2.iso_87208.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:54:50</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso_87207.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:54:13</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
       </item>
       <item>
           <title>[FreeBSD 7.1]FreeBSD 7.1 releases i386 ISO-IMAGES 7.1-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso </title>
           <link>http://www.linux-rpm.com/rpm-download/FreeBSD-7.1-releases-i386-ISO-IMAGES-7.1-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso_87206.shtml</link>
           <author></author>
           <guid></guid>
           <category>FreeBSD 7.1</category>
           <pubDate>2009-4-14 13:51:31</pubDate>
           <comments></comments>
           <description>FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE README&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; The FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.40.6.1 2008/11/25 02:59:29 kensmith Exp $&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; by the &quot;(TM)&quot; or the &quot;(R)&quot; symbol.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; some other sources of information.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;1 Introduction&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE, the latest&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; point along the 7.1-STABLE branch.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.1 About FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;x86&quot; based PC hardware (i386), Intel Itanium Processor based&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (pc98), and UltraSPARC(R) machines (sparc64). Versions for the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PowerPC(R) (powerpc), and MIPS(R) (mips) architectures are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; variety of peripherals and configurations and can be used for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; everything from software development to games to Internet Service&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Provision.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; system, including full source code for the kernel and all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A large collection of third-party ported software (the &quot;Ports&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Collection&quot;) is also provided to make it easy to obtain and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; install all your favorite traditional UNIX(R) utilities for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD. Each &quot;port&quot; consists of a set of scripts to retrieve,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; configure, build, and install a piece of software, with a single&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; command. Over 19,000 ports, from editors to programming languages&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond what's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; available as pre-compiled &quot;packages&quot;, which can be quickly&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed from the installation program.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1.2 Target Audience&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; undergone a period of testing and quality assurance checking to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ensure the highest reliability and dependability.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;2 Obtaining FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installation.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.1 CDROM and DVD&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a convenient&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &quot;packages&quot;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; from the FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; listed in the &quot;Obtaining FreeBSD&quot; appendix to the Handbook.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2.2 FTP&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD release site, or any of its &quot;mirrors&quot;.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sites section of the Handbook, or on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/ Web pages. Finding a close (in&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; networking terms) mirror from which to download the distribution&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; is highly recommended.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org&amp;gt; for more details on becoming an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; official mirror site. You can also find useful information for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mirror sites at the Mirroring FreeBSD article.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain floppy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For any questions or general technical support issues, please send&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mail to the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; If you're tracking the 7.1-STABLE development efforts, you must&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; join the FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list, in order to keep abreast of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and maintain the system.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; happy to have extra hands willing to help--there are already far&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them. To&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; help, please send mail to the FreeBSD technical discussions&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; may find it preferable to subscribe instead to the FreeBSD&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; announcements mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; do so. Visit the FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; more information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; obtained either from the Mailman pages or the mailing lists&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; section of the FreeBSD Web site.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; welcome.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Internet mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &quot;Problem Reports&quot; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible. A list of all&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; useful to see what potential problems other users have&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; encountered.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; send-pr(1) to submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD problem reports mailing list.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; For more information, &quot;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&quot;, available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and submitting effective problem reports.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;4 Further Reading&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; included with this distribution, while others are available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; on-line or in print versions.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.1 Release Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of other files provide more specific information about&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release distribution. These files are provided in various&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT)&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and HTML (.HTM) renditions. Some distributions may also include&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; other formats such as Portable Document Format (.PDF).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different in FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE compared to the previous&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release (FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatibility list, showing devices&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; information can be found in this file, which is principally&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; applicable to releases (as opposed to snapshots). It is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; important to consult this file before installing a release of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; which have been found and fixed since the release was created.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; On platforms that support sysinstall(8) (currently amd64, i386,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sysinstall(8) utility.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; release before installing it, to learn about any &quot;late-breaking&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; news&quot; or post-release problems. The errata file accompanying&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; each release (most likely right next to this file) is already&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the Internet and should be consulted as the &quot;current errata&quot; for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; this release. These other copies of the errata are located at&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well as any sites which&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.2 Manual Pages&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As with almost all UNIX like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; or through the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; site. In general, the manual pages provide information on the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tuning(7) (a guide to performance tuning), security(7) (an&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; introduction to FreeBSD security), and style(9) (a style guide to&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kernel coding).&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp; 4.3 Books and Articles&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; versions of the Handbook and FAQ are always available from the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Documentation page or its mirrors. If you install the doc&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the Handbook&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Page or in the doc distribution set.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; strong UNIX heritage, many other articles and books written for&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; UNIX systems are applicable as well, some of which are also listed&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; in the bibliography.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --------------------------------------------------------------&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;5 Acknowledgments&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; countless hours to bring about this release. For a complete list&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see &quot;Contributors&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; to FreeBSD&quot; on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; testers all over the world, without whom this release simply would&lt;BR&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; not have been possible.&lt;BR&gt;</description>
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